Element of Design - Line - by HM

Lines

Lines are a very basic, yet fundamental element of design. When used correctly, lines can be very effective. Below, I will summarize some effects that you can create by using different shapes, and thicknesses of the line.

Horizontal lines convey a feeling of calm and quiet. When you think of a horizon, you think peaceful thoughts. Part of this is because of the use of horizontal lines.

Vertical lines bring out movement, or a high potential for movement. For example, think of a picture in a fast moving car - most of the lines are very “fast” (i.e. straight and vertical).

Diagonal lines also suggest movement, but are used to portray a different kind of motion. Whereas vertical lines bring about a sense of extremely fast motion, diagonal lines suggest a slower movement, and a smaller motion, usually. For example, a diagonal line may be effective for showing an object tipping over.

An effect that can be created by lines is crosshatching. This effect can be used to create areas of grey inside a drawing, and create a shading effect. Adding many lines that are very close together adds value to that area, and having less lines, more spread out, gives little value. Using this technique can add a very effective shading effect.

Using horizontal and vertical lines in conjunction can communicate stability and solidity. Having a rectilinear form suggests that the object is not likely to tip over, and therefore, suggests permanence, reliability and safety.

Another type of line that you can draw is deep, acute curves. These create an effect of confusion, turbulence, panic, or even frenzy. Think of the violence of waves in a storm.

There are many other types of lines you can use, but these are just the basics. Try drawing a line-only drawing, and you’ll be surprised what you’ll come up with!

- HM